Treatment of radiation-induced brachial plexopathy with omentoplasty

Radiation-induced brachial plexus neuropathy (RIBPN) is a rare and delayed non-traumatic injury to the brachial plexus, which occurs following radiation therapy to the chest wall, neck, and/or axilla in previously treated patients with cancer. The incidence of RIBPN is more common in patients treated for carcinoma of the breast and Hodgkin lymphoma. With the improvement in radiation techniques, the incidence of injury to the brachial plexus following radiotherapy has dramatically reduced. The currently reported incidence is 1.2% in women irradiated for breast cancer. The progression of symptoms is gradual in about two-thirds of cases; the patients may initially present with paresthesia followed by pain, and later progress to motor weakness in the affected limb. We present the case of a 68-year-old female patient with breast cancer submitted to surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy in the year 2000. Eighteen years later, she developed symptoms and signs compatible with RIBPN and was successfully submitted to omentoplasty for pain control. Omentoplasty is an alternative treatment for RIBPN refractory to conservative treatment, which seems to be effective in improving neuropathic pain. However, postoperative worsening of the motor strength is a real possibility, and all candidates for this type of surgery must be informed about the risk of this complication.

Percutaneous Sacroplasty for Sacral Metastatic Tumors Under Fluoroscopic Guidance Only

Percutaneous sacroplasty is a safe and effective procedure for sacral insufficient fractures under CT or fluoroscopic guidance; although, few reports exist about sacral metastatic tumors. We designed a pilot study to treat intractable pain caused by a sacral metastatic tumor with sacroplasty. A 62-year-old man and a 38-year-old woman with medically intractable pain due to metastatic tumors of S1 from lymphoma and lung cancer, respectively, underwent percutaneous sacroplasty. Over the course of the follow-up period, the two patients experienced substantial and immediate pain relief that persisted over a 3-month and beyond. The woman had deposition of PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) in the needle track, but did not experience significant symptoms. No other peri-procedural complications were observed for either patient.

Mielotomia punctiforme no tratamento da dor oncológica visceral: análise de três casos / Punctate midline myelotomy for the treatment of oncologic visceral pain: analysis of three cases

INTRODUÇÃO: Uma nova via relacionada com a dor visceral foi recentemente descrita. Esta via localiza-se na linha média da coluna dorsal na medula espinhal, sendo o alvo da técnica cirúrgica aqui descrita. OBJETIVO: Apresentar os resultados de três pacientes submetidos ao tratamento da dor visceral oncológica por mielotomia punctiforme. MÉTODO: Três pacientes, com dor abdominal oncológica refratária ao tratamento clínico, foram submetidos à mielotomia punctiforme por meio de de pequena laminectomia torácica. RESULTADOS: Dois pacientes obtiveram controle completo da dor, sendo que um deles não mais necessitou de opióides. O terceiro paciente, que era intolerante aos opióides, obteve melhora de 80 por cento da dor. Nenhum dos pacientes apresentou déficit neurológico no pós-operatório. CONCLUSÃO: Ratificamos a existência de uma via, localizada na linha média da coluna dorsal, relacionada com a dor visceral em humanos, cuja ablação está relacionada à melhora da dor abdominal visceral de origem oncológica.

Ablation of Symptomatic Cysts Using Absolute Ethanol in 11 Patients with Autosomal-Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of cyst ablation with absolute ethanol in autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) patients with symptomatic cysts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using absolute ethanol, cyst ablation was performed in 11 patients with documented ADPKD who suffered cyst pain refractory to medical treatment. An ethanol solution was instilled into the largest symptomatic cysts through a catheter. We assessed the therapeutic efficacy of the procedure by tracking subjective pain relief during a 3 to 24-month follow-up period after ablation. RESULTS: At follow-up, we found that the duration of subjective pain relief was 12 to 24 months in seven patients, 4 to11 months in one, and less than 3 months in three. CONCLUSION: Selective ablation of a symptomatic cyst may be a valid option in managing chronic pain caused by one or a few large cysts in ADPKD patients.

Superior hypogastric plexus block versus continuous epidural morphine for intractable cancer pelvic pain

This study was performed on 60 patients suffered from pain due to cancer bladder and prostate. All patients reported a visual analogue scale [VAS] pain score of 6-10/10 before treatment. The patients were divided into three groups according to the site, severity and type of pain. Adjuvant drugs in the form of antidepressants, steroids, anti convulsants may be needed to all groups. In groups A [medical group], pain was completely relieved in 70% of the patients and was reduced in 30% of them. In group B [epidural morphine], pain was completely relieved in 70% of the patients and was reduced in 30%. In group C [superior hypogastric block], pain was completely relieved in 80% of the patients and was reduced in 20%

Tractotomía espino-talámica percutánea por vía lateral: resultado en 218 pacientes / Percutaneous spinothalamic tractotomy by lateral way: results in 218 patients

Se presentan los elementos de la técnica de la tractotomía percutánea espinotalámica por vía lateral para el tratamiento del dolor intratable y los resultados obtenidos en 218 pacientes consecutivos operados por los autores en el Instituto de Neurocirugía Asenjo. Se resalta el renacer del interés en este tipo de cirugía debido a la obtención de resultados inferiores a los esperados por los procedimientos no quirúrgicos. La simplicidad del método permite la realización del procedimiento incluso en enfermos añosos y terminales